SCOPING REVIEW VALIDITAS ALAT SKRINING DEPRESI PADA PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS: SEBUAH SCOPING REVIEW
Evaluation of Depression Screening Tools in Tuberculosis Patients
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Depresi merupakan komorbiditas psikiatri yang sering terjadi pada pasien tuberkulosis (TB) dan berdampak negatif terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan serta hasil klinis. Skrining menggunakan instrumen yang valid diperlukan untuk deteksi dini. Mengevaluasi validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen skrining depresi pada pasien TB, khususnya Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) dan versi singkatnya PHQ-2. Pencarian sistematis dilakukan pada database PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan ProQuest untuk studi 2014-2024. Kriteria inklusi mencakup studi validasi instrumen skrining depresi pada pasien TB dewasa. Dua reviewer independen melakukan seleksi artikel dan ekstraksi data. Kualitas studi dinilai menggunakan Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Lima studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi dari 259 artikel. PHQ-9 menunjukkan sifat psikometrik terbaik dengan sensitivitas 88-94%, spesifisitas 80-85%, dan Cronbach's alpha 0,85-0,94. Prevalensi depresi pada pasien TB bervariasi (10,33-62,7%). Faktor risiko meliputi kesulitan keuangan, gejala pernapasan persisten, stigma, status HIV-positif, dan komorbiditas. PHQ-9 dan PHQ-2 merupakan instrumen skrining depresi yang valid pada pasien TB. Integrasi instrumen ini ke dalam perawatan TB rutin dapat meningkatkan deteksi dini dan penanganan depresi, sehingga meningkatkan hasil pengobatan dan kualitas hidup pasien.
ABSTRACT
Depression is a common psychiatric comorbidity in tuberculosis (TB) patients that negatively impacts treatment adherence and clinical outcomes. Screening using valid instruments is essential for early detection. To evaluate the validity and reliability of depression screening instruments in TB patients, focusing on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and its shortened version PHQ-2. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest databases for studies published between 2014-2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed validation studies of depression screening instruments in adult TB patients. Two independent reviewers performed article selection and data extraction. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Five studies met the inclusion criteria from 259 articles. PHQ-9 demonstrated the best psychometric properties with sensitivity 88-94%, specificity 80-85%, and Cronbach's alpha 0.85-0.94. Depression prevalence among TB patients varied (10.33-62.7%). Risk factors included financial difficulties, persistent respiratory symptoms, stigma, HIV-positive status, and comorbidities. PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 are valid depression screening instruments for TB patients. Integrating these tools into routine TB care can enhance early detection and management of depression, improving treatment outcomes and patient quality of life.
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