PROFIL KLINIS BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DI NICU RSUD DR. HASRI AINUN HABIBIE GORONTALO

Fadel Bilondatu; Nabila Rizki Sakinah

doi:10.31970/ma.v6i3.260

Fadel Bilondatu Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Nabila Rizki Sakinah RSUD dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie Gorontalo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31970/ma.v6i3.260

Keywords: Kata kunci: BBLR, Usia Gestasi, Profil Klinis.

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang membutuhkan perhatian khusus, oleh karena masih meningkatnya angka morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatal. Dengan memahami profil klinis BBLR maka dapat meningkatkan strategi dalam upaya penurunan angka kematian pada neonatal. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil klinis dan faktor penyebab BBLR yang dirawat di Unit Perawatan Intensif Neonatal (NICU) di RSUD dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie, Gorontalo. Desain penelitian menggunakan studi cross-sectional dengan menggunakan data rekam medis dari 191 bayi yang dirawat di NICU. Data tersebut meliputi berat lahir, usia kehamilan, usia ibu, dan paritas. Analisis statistik digunakan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara faktor-faktor ini dan kejadian BBLR. Hasil dari studi ini melaporkan bahwa 32% termasuk BBLR dengan berat lahir ≤ 2500 gram. Hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara usia kehamilan dan terjadinya LBW (p < 0,001). Sebaliknya, tidak ada korelasi signifikan yang diamati antara BBLR dan faktor ibu seperti paritas dan usia. Dari hasil penelitian ini disarankan pentingnya perawatan prenatal yang terfokus dalam mencegah persalinan prematur dan menurunkan insiden BBLR secara efektif di wilayah tersebut.

ABSTRACT

Low birth weight (LBW) infant is a significant public health concern, often linked to increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. Understanding the clinical profile of LBW infants can inform strategies to improve neonatal outcomes.

This study aims to investigate the clinical profile and associated factors of LBW infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at RSUD dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie, Gorontalo, from January to April 2024. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using medical record data from 191 infants admitted to the NICU. The data included birth weight, gestational age, maternal age, and parity. Statistical analysis was used to explore the associations between these factors and the incidence of LBW. This study reported that 32% of infants had a birth weight of less than 2500 grams, classifying them as low birth weight (LBW). A statistically significant association was identified between gestational age and the occurrence of LBW (p < 0.001). In contrast, no significant correlations were observed between LBW and maternal factors such as parity and age. Gestational age emerged as a primary determinant of LBW in this study, highlighting the crucial importance of prenatal care in preventing preterm deliveries and lowering the incidence of LBW. Maternal age and parity were not found to have a significant influence, indicating the need for focused prenatal interventions to effectively address this issue in the region

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