PENGARUH STRES OKSIDATIF PADA GINJAL TERHADAP KADAR KLOTHO
Abstract
Pada stres oksidatif terjadi peningkatan produksi reactive oxygen species (ROS) dan penurunan antioksidan. Akumulasi ROS dan ketidakseimbangan redoks menyebabkan disregulasi dan atau oksidasi protein, asam nukleat, karbohidrat, dan lipid yang semuanya berkontribusi terhadap apoptosis dan nekrosis sel. Stres oksidatif pada ginjal dapat menyebabkan disregulasi yang berlanjut menjadi kerusakan sel tubulus ginjal, terlibat dalam patofisiologi kerusakan ginjal akut maupun kronis, serta bertanggungjawab terhadap progresifitas penyakit ginjal. Klotho adalah protein transmembran single-pass yang diekspresikan terutama di tubulus distal dan sedikit di tubulus proksimal ginjal. Setelah dipecah oleh protease, Klotho dapat ditemukan di dalam darah dan urin. Klotho mempunyai peran perlindungan yang potensial melalui mekanisme anti inflamasi, aktivasi autofagi, meredam stress oksidatif, dan melindungi fungsi mitokondria. Bila sel tubulus ginjal mengalami stres oksidatif, maka kadar Klotho di darah dan urin menurun secara signifikan.
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References
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