FAKTOR RESIKO MALNUTRISI ENERGI PROTEIN PADA ANAK
Abstract
Malnutrisi energi protein merupakan 1 dari 4 masalah gizi utama di Indonesia yang ditandai dengan gangguan pertumbuhan berat badan dan tinggi badan. Malnutrisi energi protein terjadi paling banyak dimasa awal bayi dan balita-balita. Malnutrisi energi protein pada balita dapat dicegah yaitu dengan memantau status tumbuh kembang dan status gizi secara berkala, edukasi mengenai diet gizi seimbang, faktor sosial, faktor ekonomi, dan faktor infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk diketahuinya faktor lingkungan penyebab terbanyak malnutrisi energi protein pada balita. Penelitian meta analisis yang menggunakan PRISMA, di mana terdapat 6 dari 717 artikel yang masuk dalam kriteria untuk dianalisis. Penyajian data dilakukan dengan forest plot dengan model statistik random effect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor resiko terbanyak penyebab terjadinya malnutrisi energi protein dari berbagai negara di dunia melalui 6 penelitian yang masuk ke metode PRISMA adalah adalah faktor sosioekonomi. Faktor resiko penyebab malnutrisi enregi protein lainnya adalah infeksi penyakit dan konsumsi diet kurang protein. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa factor resiko penyebab terbanyak malnutrisi energi protein pada balita adalah factor sosioekonomi.
Downloads
References
Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia. Pedoman Pelayanan Medis Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia. 2009:183-8.
Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Kementrian Kesehatan RI. 2018: 7-22
Buku Saku Hasil Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) 2022. 2022: 4-7
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, Group P. Reprint—preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Phys Ther. 2009;89(9):873–80.
Wong HJ, Moy FM, Nair S. Risk factors of malnutrition among preschool children in Terengganu, Malaysia: a case control study. BMC Public Health. 2014 Aug 3;14:785. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-785. PMID: 25086853; PMCID: PMC4133606.
MAL-ED Network Investigators. Childhood stunting in relation to the pre- and postnatal environment during the first 2 years of life: The MAL-ED longitudinal birth cohort study. PLoS Med. 2017 Oct 25;14(10):e1002408. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002408. PMID: 29069076; PMCID: PMC5656304.
Zhang X, Zhang L, Pu Y, Sun M, Zhao Y, Zhang D, Wang X, Li Y, Guo D, He S. Global, Regional, and National Burden of Protein-Energy Malnutrition: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Nutrients. 2022 Jun 22;14(13):2592.
Ferreira HDS, Albuquerque GT, Santos TRD, Barbosa RL, Cavalcante AL, Duarte LEC, Assunção ML. Stunting and overweight among children in Northeast Brazil: prevalence, trends (1992-2005-2015) and associated risk factors from repeated cross-sectional surveys. BMC Public Health. 2020 May 20;20(1):736.
Mahfouz EM, Sameh Mohammed E, Alkilany SF, Abdel Rahman TA. The relationship between dietary intake and stunting among pre-school children in Upper Egypt. Public Health Nutr. 2021 Sep 9;25(8):1-9.
Sharghi A, Kamran A, Faridan M. Evaluating risk factors for protein-energy malnutrition in children under the age of six years: a case-control study from Iran. Int J Gen Med. 2011;4:607-11.
Jesmin A, Yamamoto SS, Malik AA, Haque MA: Prevalence and determinants of chronic malnutrition among preschool children: a cross-sectional study in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. J Health Popul Nutr 2011, 29:494.
Kamiya Y: Socioeconomic determinants of nutritional status of children in Lao PDR: effects of household and community factors. J Health Popul Nutr 2011, 29:339–348. .
Sakisaka K, Wakai S, Kuroiwa C, Flores LC, Kai I, Mercedes Arago’n M, Hanada K:Nutritional status and associated factors in children aged 0–23 months in Granada, Nicaragua. Public Health 2006, 120:400–411.
Almatsier, S. Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Gizi. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. 2010.
Rahim, K.F. Faktor Resiko Underweight Balita Umur 7 – 59 Bulan. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2014;9(2):115-121.
Gibney, Michael J., Margetts, Barrie M., Kearney, John M., Arab Lenore. Gizi Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jakarta : Penerbit buku kedokteran EGC. 2009.
Barasi, M., Nutrition At A Glance. Penerjemah: Hermin. 2009. At A Glance : Ilmu Gizi. Jakarta: Erlangga. 2007.
Copyright (c) 2023 Medika Alkhairaat : Jurnal Penelitian Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Medika Alkhairaat : Jurnal Penelitian Kedokteran dan Kesehatan agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant Journal Medika Alkhairaat right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) that allows others to remix, adapt, build upon the work non-commercially with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in Journal Medika Alkhairaat.
2. Authors are permitted to copy and redistribute the journal’s published version of the work non-commercially (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in Journal Medika Alkhairaat.
