GAGAL VENTRIKEL KANAN AKUT: PENEGAKAN DIAGNOSIS DAN MANAJEMEN TATALAKSANA
Abstract
Gagal ventrikel kanan akut merupakan sindrom progresif dengan kongesti sistemik akibat gangguan pengisian ventrikel kanan dan/atau penurunan output aliran ventrikel kanan. Saat gagal ventrikel kanan akut berkembang, terjadi regurgitasi trikuspid yang semakin menurunkan curah jantung. Etiologi gagal ventrikel kanan yang paling umum di unit perawatan intensif adalah kegagalan ventrikel kiri, iskemia ventrikel kanan, emboli paru akut, hipertensi pulmonal, sepsis, cedera paru akut, dan tamponade jantung. Diagnosis gagal ventrikel kanan akut yang efektif secara optimal dilakukan dengan kombinasi teknik termasuk ekokardiografi, pencitraan dan kateterisasi yang juga dapat digunakan untuk memantau respons pengobatan. Penatalaksanaan gagal ventrikel kanan akut berfokus untuk menstabilkan hemodinamik, mengoptimalkan kondisi pembebanan, dan mengobati potensi penyebab reversibel. Penanganan aritmia yang cepat juga penting untuk menghindari lingkaran setan hipotensi, iskemia, dan aritmia lebih lanjut. Artikel ini meninjau mengenai etiologi, patofisiologi, penegakan diagnosis dan manajemen tatalaksana pada kasus gagal ventrikel kanan akut.
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