HUBUNGAN RIWAYAT HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM DENGAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR BAYI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MAMBORO TAHUN 2024- 2025
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Hiperemesis gravidarum (HG) merupakan mual muntah berlebihan pada awal kehamilan yang dapat menyebabkan dehidrasi, gangguan metabolisme, dan penurunan berat badan ibu. Kondisi ini berpotensi mengganggu asupan nutrisi dan pertumbuhan janin, sehingga meningkatkan risiko bayi berat badan lahir rendah. Di Indonesia, BBLR masih menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian neonatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat hiperemesis gravidarum dengan berat badan lahir bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mamboro tahun 2024–2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel berjumlah 80 dan dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Data diperoleh dari data sekunder rekam medis dan wawancara responden menggunakan kuesioner yang berisi definisi Windsor dan skor Pregnancy Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE). Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Dari 35 (43,75%) responden yang memiliki riwayat HG terdapat 15 (42,9%) responden yang melahirkan bayi BBLR. Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan nilai p = 0,000 < 0,05, yang berarti terdapat hubungan signifikan antara riwayat HG dengan berat badan lahir bayi. Ibu yang mengalami HG memiliki risiko lebih tinggi melahirkan bayi dengan BBLR dibandingkan ibu tanpa riwayat HG. Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan riwayat HG dengan berat badan lahir bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mamboro tahun 2024- 2025.
ABSTRACT
Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is excessive nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy that can lead to dehydration, metabolic disorders, and maternal weight loss. This condition has the potential to interfere with nutrient intake and fetal growth, thereby increasing the risk of babies born with low at birth. In Indonesia, LBW is still one of the leading causes of neonatal deaths. This study aims to determine the relationship between the history of hyperemesis gravidarum and the birth weight of babies in the working area of the Mamboro Health Center in 2024–2025. This study uses an analytical observational design with a cross sectional approach. The sample totaled 80 and was selected through purposive sampling. Data were obtained from secondary data from medical records and respondents' interviews using questionnaires containing the Windsor definition and the Pregnancy Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE) score. Data analysis using the Chi-Square test. Of the 35 (43.75%) respondents who had a history of HG, there were 15 (42.9%) respondents who gave birth to LBW babies. The results of the Chi-Square test showed a value of p = 0.000 < 0.05, which means that there is a significant relationship between the history of HG and the birth weight of the baby. Mothers who experience HG have a higher risk of giving birth to babies with LBW than mothers without a history of HG. In conclusion, there is a relationship between HG history and the birth weight of the baby in the working area of the Mamboro Health Center in 2024-2025.
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