UJI DAYA HAMBAT TANAMAN HERBAL UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak tanaman herbal ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas ) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus melalui metode broth dilution dilusi cair. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Penelitian UP3M Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia Makassar dengan desain true experimental post-test. Sampel ekstrak diuji pada lima konsentrasi (5%, 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80%) untuk menentukan Kadar Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan Kadar Bunuh Minimum (KBM). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pada seluruh konsentrasi, media uji tampak jernih dan tidak menunjukkan pertumbuhan bakteri, menandakan kemampuan penghambatan pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus bahkan pada konsentrasi terendah (5%). Sementara itu, KBM diperoleh pada konsentrasi 60%, yang ditunjukkan dengan tidak adanya pertumbuhan koloni bakteri pada media Nutrient Agar (NA). Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa ekstrak ubi jalar ungu memiliki efektivitas antibakteri yang signifikan dengan aktivitas bakteriostatik pada konsentrasi rendah dan bakterisidal pada konsentrasi tinggi. Kandungan senyawa aktif seperti antosianin, flavonoid, tanin, dan fenolik berperan penting dalam mekanisme penghambatan melalui kerusakan membran sel, gangguan metabolisme, serta inaktivasi enzim bakteri. Dengan demikian, ekstrak ubi jalar ungu berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai agen antibakteri alami untuk terapi infeksi akibat Staphylococcus aureus.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to identify the antibacterial activity of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) extract against Staphylococcus aureus using the broth dilution method. The experiment was conducted at the UP3M Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, using a true experimental post-test design. The extract samples were tested at five concentrations (5%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The results revealed that all concentrations inhibited bacterial growth, as indicated by clear media after 24-hour incubation at 37°C, demonstrating inhibitory effects even at the lowest concentration (5%). The MBC was observed at 60%, where no bacterial colonies grew on Nutrient Agar (NA). These findings indicate that purple sweet potato extract exhibits strong antibacterial activity, with bacteriostatic effects at low concentrations and bactericidal effects at higher concentrations. The bioactive compounds—anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolics—play crucial roles in disrupting bacterial membranes, interfering with metabolism, and inactivating enzymes. Therefore, purple sweet potato extract has promising potential as a natural antibacterial agent for treating infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
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Kadar Hambat Minimum (KHM) ekstrak ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus diperoleh pada konsentrasi 5%, menunjukkan kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri.
Kadar Bunuh Minimum (KBM) diperoleh pada konsentrasi 60%, menunjukkan kemampuan ekstrak untuk membunuh bakteri secara menyeluruh.
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